2023 № 04

The author reflects on the problems of school education in general, and chemical education in particular: the loss of fundamental attitude, the introduction of specialized training, etc.

The article presents recommendations for conducting a lesson that reveals the potential of using chemical knowledge to solve problems in the field of archaeology, history, arts. Problems to be discussed in the lesson are considered, as well as a chemical experiment for obtaining copper nanoparticles in solution is proposed.

The description of a lesson for the acquisition of new knowledge in accordance with the requirements of the Federal State Educational Standard is presented. The main pedagogical idea of the lesson is to create conditions for the study of physical, chemical properties, methods of obtaining glucose, as well as its fields of application. The lesson is aimed at stimulating students’ cognitive activity and increasing their motivation to study chemistry.

The authors present methods for solving calculation problems on the electrolysis of solutions in series-connected electrolyzers.

The article presents a story that happened at the Unified State Exam in Chemistry in 2022, when the correct answer in Task 32 was not assessed by the experts. The path of the student from the search for arguments and appeals to the regional commission to Rosobrnadzor is shown. Discussing this case, the author presents proposals for reforming the system of filing an appeal at the Unified State Exam.

In modern conditions, parts of the "school – university" subsystem are developing separately. The continuity between the school and the university, which is based on the continuity of chemical education, has been disrupted. That will result in the deterioration of the quality of university education.

The author of the article presents conclusions on organizing educational research work in the 11th grade on the basis of the equipment of a digital laboratory created within the framework of the All-Russian project "Point of Upgrowth". The article shows the importance of using electronic pH sensors for creating a problematic situation in the classroom. The importance of research work for the personal development of students is highlighted.

The article presents methodological recommendations and basic requirements that must be observed when writing a scientific article and designing its structural elements. The presented rules and recommendations are intended to help students in creating academic texts, analyzing and processing sources of scientific information.

The analysis and comparison of the standardized tasks of the Unified Russian State Exam and the creative tasks of chemistry Olympiads enables teachers to competently organize personality-oriented learning. The integration of creative tasks in the educational process contributes to the students’ personal development and motivates them to master the chosen subject at a higher level. The authors suggest examples of successful implementation of Olympiad tasks in the basic course of school chemistry in various specialized classes.

Тhe improvement of methodological training of a chemistry teacher for working in the conditions of specialized education is an urgent problem. As a result of the transition to specialized education, the task arose of identifying the specific features of the content, forms and methods of teaching chemistry both in classes where it is one of the core subjects, and in classes where chemistry is not the main subject. This article proposes the description of fragments of several chemistry lessons, taking into account the work of a teacher in classes with different learning profiles.

Three variants of the test / diagnostic work on the topic "Aldehydes and ketones" in the USE format are proposed.

The article considers the concepts of "experiment," "observation," "modeling," "comparison," "description."

In order to improve and simplify the process of teaching schoolchildren and elementary university students the basics of safe behavior in the laboratory, a video course was prepared. The videos are posted on the public domain for teachers, and also were given to students for self-study. Both groups reacted positively to the innovation. Being tested, students showed good knowledge of safety rules.

It is shown that the problems, the solution of which requires the use of Hess's law, can be found in the variants of entrance examinations and Olympiads with increasing frequency. In competition problems, various consequences of Hess's law are applied. Examples of computational competitive tasks with solutions are given.

The author introduces readers to her experience in organizing students’ project and research activities.

The article presents the characteristics of the subject week as one of the forms of extracurricular activities, highlights its advantages, basic requirements and key stages. The plan and the content of the Chemistry week for Grade 10 on the topic “Fighting against pathogenic microorganisms” are presented.

The author offers a description of the intellectual tournament “Chemistry and Architecture”, held as part of the Natural Science week at school. Interdisciplinary connections of architecture and construction industry with chemistry make it possible to expand career guidance work among students and increase their motivation for studying the subject.

The initial idea of the content of M. V. Lomonosov's general education abroad in the light of philosophical concepts and natural science practice of that time is given.