2021 № 6

In the historical aspect, the inseparable connection of the education system, the pedagogical activity of each teacher and the future of our country is considered.

The role of chemistry in the fashion and textile industries is discussed. Up to the the end of the XIX century natural fabrics were used to make clothing, chemical processes were used for dyeing and final processing of fiber. In the XX century the efforts of scientists were aimed at making artificial and synthetic materials. At present, the world of fashion and design is inspired by scientific innovations, creating smart clothes and using environmentally sound technologies.

A lesson of discovering new knowledge on the topic “Displacement reactions” (8th grade) is offered. It is designed using the technology of problem dialogue, which allows the teacher to implement the requirements of the Federal State Standard.

In the article, the author examines the ways of forming functional literacy in the lessons of chemistry. The author provides a set of tasks which contribute to the development of students’ logical thinking when extracting the necessary information from the text.

The article provides an example using educational texts in studying the theme “Hydrocarbons”. This technique can help students learn the material at a basic level.

The potential of using online MOOC courses and resources of various services as additional materials in blended learning are considered. Using the example of a medical college, it is shown that subject results, which are essential for developing meta-subject and personal competencies, can be formed with the help of students’ cognitive interest based on structured and relevant scientific information of the MOOC multimedia content.

The “crossens” technology is a tool of implementing an activity-based approach to learning, developing visual and imaginative thinking, creativity, communication skills and critical thinking of students, and forming the ability to work with information.

In schools, to determine the more active metal, a metal activity series is usually considered, in which metals are arranged according to the numerical values of their standard potentials. But the activity (potential) of a metal is influenced by the corrosive environment (acidity, oxygen concentration, pollution) and the film of corrosion products formed on the surface of metals. Therefore, in case of corrosion, we should discuss a galvanic series of metals, in which the location of metals is determined experimentally in neutral environments. The article presents a step-by-step algorithm for studying the topic “Metal corrosion” which contributes to an effective assimilation of knowledge and formation of students’ skills.

The author examines how the application of the critical thinking technology in chemistry lessons in Grades 8-11 contributes to the effective cooperation of students, the successful assimilation of educational material and the constant improvement of the quality of education.

The author describes the discovery and use of nitroglycerin as an explosive, as well as a drug for treating heart disorders.

Three variants of the test / diagnostic work on the topic “Saturated hydrocarbons: alkanes and cycloalkanes” in the USE format are suggested.

Problematic aspects of formal and theoretical kinetics are discussed, the necessary clarifications are made. Using examples, possible inaccuracies in the application of the conceptual apparatus are considered. Specific recommendations are given for the treatment of concentration and temperature dependencies of reaction rate.

The article is devoted to an educational chatbot in chemistry, which is designed for additional classes and preparation for the Unified State Exam in chemistry in the online mode. The “Tournament of three chemists” held with the use of Chemist-bot is described.

The article describes an example of students’ project activity aimed at studying the quality of disinfectants containing sodium hypochlorite. Students’ project activity is an effective instrument of forming natural-science literacy.

A lesson of generalization and updating of knowledge on the course of chemistry of the 8th grade in the format of a didactic game is described.

The article summarizes the experience of organizing a home chemical experiment on the topic “Carbon and its compounds”. An instructional map for performing a chemical experiment is provided.

The article provides data on alkaloids as physiologically active compounds. Techniques for the preparation of analytical samples are considered, methods of preparing reagents and conducting research are described. Objects for conducting qualitative reactions to identify alkaloids in plant raw materials are suggested.

On the eve of the celebration of the 310th anniversary of the birth of M. V. Lomonosov, the author gives evidence that even during his lifetime Lomonosov’s scientific authority was obvious to his contemporaries.